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Results for 'A. S. Gillies'
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- An interchange on the Popper-Miller argument.Charles S. Chihara & Donald A. Gillies - 1988 - Philosophical Studies 54 (1):1 - 8.
- Kalderon, ME, 129.G. Bealer, D. Braun, G. Ebbs, C. L. Elder, A. S. Gillies, J. Jones, M. A. Khalidi, K. Levy, M. K. McGowan & C. L. Stephens - 2001 - Philosophical Studies 105 (311).No categories
- Experimental practices in economics: A methodological challenge for psychologists?-Open Peer Commentary-Theory-testing experiments in the economics laboratory.R. Hertwig, A. Ortmann, A. S. Gillies & M. Rigdon - 2001 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24 (3):410-410.Features of experimental design impose auxiliary hypotheses on experimenters. Hertwig & Ortmann rightly argue that the ways some variables are implemented in psychology cloud results, whereas the different implementations in economics provide for more robust results. However, not all design variables support this general conclusion. The repetition of trials may confuse results depending on what theory is being tested. We explore this in the case of simple bargaining games.
- Proceedings of the 4th World Conference on Research Integrity: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro. 31 May - 3 June 2015.Lex Bouter, Melissa S. Anderson, Ana Marusic, Sabine Kleinert, Susan Zimmerman, Paulo S. L. Beirão, Laura Beranzoli, Giuseppe Di Capua, Silvia Peppoloni, Maria Betânia de Freitas Marques, Adriana Sousa, Claudia Rech, Torunn Ellefsen, Adele Flakke Johannessen, Jacob Holen, Raymond Tait, Jillon Van der Wall, John Chibnall, James M. DuBois, Farida Lada, Jigisha Patel, Stephanie Harriman, Leila Posenato Garcia, Adriana Nascimento Sousa, Cláudia Maria Correia Borges Rech, Oliveira Patrocínio, Raphaela Dias Fernandes, Laressa Lima Amâncio, Anja Gillis, David Gallacher, David Malwitz, Tom Lavrijssen, Mariusz Lubomirski, Malini Dasgupta, Katie Speanburg, Elizabeth C. Moylan, Maria K. Kowalczuk, Nikolas Offenhauser, Markus Feufel, Niklas Keller, Volker Bähr, Diego Oliveira Guedes, Douglas Leonardo Gomes Filho, Vincent Larivière, Rodrigo Costas, Daniele Fanelli, Mark William Neff, Aline Carolina de Oliveira Machado Prata, Limbanazo Matandika, Sonia Maria Ramos de Vasconcelos & Karina de A. Rocha - 2016 - Research Integrity and Peer Review 1 (Suppl 1).Table of contentsI1 Proceedings of the 4th World Conference on Research IntegrityConcurrent Sessions:1. Countries' systems and policies to foster research integrityCS01.1 Second time around: Implementing and embedding a review of responsible conduct of research policy and practice in an Australian research-intensive universitySusan Patricia O'BrienCS01.2 Measures to promote research integrity in a university: the case of an Asian universityDanny Chan, Frederick Leung2. Examples of research integrity education programmes in different countriesCS02.1 Development of a state-run “cyber education program of research ethics” in (...)No categories
- CIA leaks.Kai von Fintel & Anthony S. Gillies - 2008 - Philosophical Review 117 (1):77-98.Epistemic modals are standardly taken to be context-dependent quantifiers over possibilities. Thus sentences containing them get truth-values with respect to both a context and an index. But some insist that this relativization is not relative enough: `might'-claims, they say, only get truth-values with respect to contexts, indices, and—the new wrinkle—points of assessment (hence, CIA). Here we argue against such "relativist" semantics. We begin with a sketch of the motivation for such theories and a generic formulation of them. Then we catalogue (...)
- Must . . . stay . . . strong!Kai von Fintel & Anthony S. Gillies - 2010 - Natural Language Semantics 18 (4):351-383.It is a recurring mantra that epistemic must creates a statement that is weaker than the corresponding flat-footed assertion: It must be raining vs. It’s raining. Contrary to classic discussions of the phenomenon such as by Karttunen, Kratzer, and Veltman, we argue that instead of having a weak semantics, must presupposes the presence of an indirect inference or deduction rather than of a direct observation. This is independent of the strength of the claim being made. Epistemic must is therefore quite (...)
- A new solution to Moore's paradox.Anthony S. Gillies - 2001 - Philosophical Studies 105 (3):237-250.Moore's paradox pits our intuitions about semantic oddnessagainst the concept of truth-functional consistency. Most solutions tothe problem proceed by explaining away our intuitions. But``consistency'' is a theory-laden concept, having different contours indifferent semantic theories. Truth-functional consistency is appropriateonly if the semantic theory we are using identifies meaning withtruth-conditions. I argue that such a framework is not appropriate whenit comes to analzying epistemic modality. I show that a theory whichaccounts for a wide variety of semantic data about epistemic modals(Update Semantics) buys (...)
- 'Might' Made Right.Kai von Fintel & Anthony S. Gillies - 2011 - In Andy Egan & Brian Weatherson (eds.), Epistemic Modality. Oxford University Press. pp. 108–130.The simplest story about modals—might, must, possibly, necessary, have to, can, ought to, presumably, likelier, and the rest—is also the canon: modals are context-dependent quantifiers over a domain of possibilities. Different flavors of modality correspond to quantification over different domains of possibilities. Logical modalities quantify over all the possibilities there are, physical modalities over possibilities compatible with the..
- An Opinionated Guide to Epistemic Modality.Kai von Fintel & Anthony S. Gillies - 2007 - In Tamar Gendler & John Hawthorne (eds.), Oxford Studies in Epistemology: Volume 2. Oxford University Press. pp. 32-62.way on the information available in the contexts in which they are used, it’s not surprising that there is a minor but growing industry of work in semantics and the philosophy of language concerned with the precise nature of the context-dependency of epistemically modalized sentences. Take, for instance, an epistemic might-claim like..
- Counterfactual scorekeeping.Anthony S. Gillies - 2007 - Linguistics and Philosophy 30 (3):329 - 360.Counterfactuals are typically thought--given the force of Sobel sequences--to be variably strict conditionals. I go the other way. Sobel sequences and (what I call) Hegel sequences push us to a strict conditional analysis of counterfactuals: counterfactuals amount to some necessity modal scoped over a plain material conditional, just which modal being a function of context. To make this worth saying I need to say just how counterfactuals and context interact. No easy feat, but I have something to say on the (...)
- Updating Data Semantics.Anthony S. Gillies - 2020 - Mind 129 (513):1-41.This paper has three main goals. First, to motivate a puzzle about how ignorance-expressing terms like maybe and if interact: they iterate, and when they do they exhibit scopelessness. Second, to argue that there is an ambiguity in our theoretical toolbox, and that exposing that opens the door to a solution to the puzzle. And third, to explore the reach of that solution. Along the way, the paper highlights a number of pleasing properties of two elegant semantic theories, explores some (...)
- Still going strong.Kai von Fintel & Anthony S. Gillies - manuscriptIn "*Must* ...stay ...strong!" (von Fintel & Gillies 2010) we set out to slay a dragon, or rather what we called The Mantra: that epistemic *must* has a modal force weaker than expected from standard modal logic, that it doesn't entail its prejacent, and that the best explanation for the evidential feel of *must* is a pragmatic explanation. We argued that all three sub-mantras are wrong and offered an explanation according to which *must* is strong, entailing, and the felt (...)
- Service Members Prefer a Psychotherapist Who Is a Veteran.Travon S. Johnson, Alexis Ganz, Stephen Berger, Anindita Ganguly & Gilly Koritzky - 2018 - Frontiers in Psychology 9.
- A Problem About Preference.Anthony S. Gillies - 2021 - Philosophers' Imprint 21 (19).Obligation describing language is hooked up with preference, a relation of what-is-better-than-what. But ordinary situations underdetermine such relations of what-is-better-than-what. Even so, there are plainly true sentences describing our obligations in those situations. This mismatch is trouble-making and getting out of the trouble requires either giving up the easy link between “ought” and preference or re-thinking the kind of things preferences can be.No categories
- Hedging your ifs and vice versa.Kai von Fintel & Anthony S. Gillies - unknown“Any theory of conditionals has consequences for less-than-certain judgements. Something is proposed of the form: If A, B is true iff A*B. If a clear-headed person, free from confusions of a logical, linguistic or referential sort, can be nearly sure that A*B yet far from sure that if A, B, or vice versa, then this is strong evidence against the proposal.” (Edgington 1995/2007).
- What Might be the Case after a Change in View.Anthony S. Gillies - 2006 - Journal of Philosophical Logic 35 (2):117-145.
- Conditionals.Anthony S. Gillies - 2017 - In Bob Hale, Crispin Wright & Alexander Miller (eds.), A Companion to the Philosophy of Language. Chichester, UK: Wiley. pp. 401–436.
- Consciousness and the limits of our imaginations.Eric Dietrich & Anthony S. Gillies - 2001 - Synthese 126 (3):361-381.Chalmers' anti-materialist arguments are an interesting twist on a well-known argument form, and his naturalistic dualism is exciting to contemplate. Nevertheless, we think we can save materialism from the Chalmerian attack. This is what we do in the present paper.
- The subjectivity of conditionals in a new light.Kai von Fintel & Anthony S. Gillies - unknownSly Pete and Mr. Stone are playing poker on a Mississippi riverboat. It is now up to Pete to call or fold. My henchman Zack sees Stone’s hand, which is quite good, and signals its content to Pete. My henchman Jack sees both hands, and sees that Pete’s hand is rather low, so that Stone’s is the winning hand. At this point, the room is cleared. A few minutes later, Zack slips me a note which says “If Pete called, he (...)
- Rational Belief Change.Anthony S. Gillies - 2001 - Dissertation, The University of ArizonaWe must change our beliefs, and change them in particular ways, in response to new information. But not all changes are created equal: some are rational changes, some not. The Problem of Epistemic Change is the problem of specifying the rational constraints on how the epistemic state of an agent ought to change in the face of new information. This dissertation is about the philosophical and logical investigation of rational belief change. I start by arguing that the familiar foundations---coherence distinction (...)
- Non-Bayesian Confirmation Theory, and the Principle of Explanatory Surplus.Donald A. Gillies - 1988 - PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association 1988:373 - 380.This paper suggests a new principle for confirmation theory which is called the principle of explanatory surplus. This principle is shown to be non-Bayesian in character, and to lead to a treatment of simplicity in science. Two cases of the principle of explanatory surplus are considered. The first (number of parameters) is illustrated by curve-fitting examples, while the second (number of theoretical assumptions) is illustrated by the examples of Newton's Laws and Adler's Theory of the Inferiority Complex.No categories
- Primary students’ scientific reasoning and discourse during cooperative inquiry-based science activities.Robyn M. Gillies, Kim Nichols, Gilbert Burgh & Michele Haynes - 2013 - International Journal of Educational Research 63:127–140.Teaching children to ask and answer questions is critically important if they are to learn to talk and reason effectively together, particularly during inquiry-based science where they are required to investigate topics, consider alternative propositions and hypotheses, and problem-solve together to propose answers, explanations, and prediction to problems at hand. This study involved 108 students (53 boys and 55 girls) from seven, Year 7 teachers’ classrooms in five primary schools in Brisbane, Australia. Teachers were randomly allocated by school to one (...)
- Brouwer's Philosophy of Mathematics: Review of L. E. J. Brouwer (A. Heyting and H. Freudenthal eds.), Collected Works. [REVIEW]D. A. Gillies - 1980 - Erkenntnis 15 (1):105 - 126.
- Infringement of the right to surgical informed consent: negligent disclosure and its impact on patient trust in surgeons at public general hospitals – the voice of the patient.Gillie Gabay & Yaarit Bokek-Cohen - 2019 - BMC Medical Ethics 20 (1):1-13.Background There is little dispute that the ideal moral standard for surgical informed consent calls for surgeons to carry out a disclosure dialogue with patients before they sign the informed consent form. This narrative study is the first to link patient experiences regarding the disclosure dialogue with patient-surgeon trust, central to effective recuperation and higher adherence. Methods Informants were 12 Israelis, aged 29–81, who underwent life-saving surgeries. A snowball sampling was used to locate participants in their initial recovery process upon (...)
- Review of Charles S. Chihara: Constructibility and mathematical existence. [REVIEW]Donald A.: Gillies - 1992 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 43 (2):263-278.
- A bayesian analysis of Hume's argument concerning miracles.Philip Dawid & Donald Gillies - 1989 - Philosophical Quarterly 39 (154):57-65.
- Revolutions in mathematics.Donald Gillies (ed.) - 1992 - New York: Oxford University Press.Social revolutions--that is critical periods of decisive, qualitative change--are a commonly acknowledged historical fact. But can the idea of revolutionary upheaval be extended to the world of ideas and theoretical debate? The publication of Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions in 1962 led to an exciting discussion of revolutions in the natural sciences. A fascinating, but little known, off-shoot of this was a debate which began in the United States in the mid-1970's as to whether the concept of revolution could (...)
- Guests, hosts, and teaching the ethics of service learning in medicine.Gregory Schneider, Marin Gillis, Kendra Kirchmer, Prasad Bhoite & Natalie Castellanos - 2019 - International Journal of Ethics Education 5 (1):67-82.Within medical education, there is an increasing need to provide ethics education for learners embarking on service learning. The concept of hospitality, as illustrated in Homer’s classic epic the Odyssey, has the potential to underpin such ethics education. This paper describes the implementation and evaluation of an ethics education session for medical students, built on the concept of hospitality, before they embark on a three-year longitudinal service-learning home visit program. In preparation for their household visits, second-year students at a medical (...)No categories
- Guests, hosts, and teaching the ethics of service learning in medicine.Gregory Schneider, Marin Gillis, Kendra Kirchmer, Prasad Bhoite & Natalie Castellanos - 2019 - International Journal of Ethics Education 5 (1):67-82.Within medical education, there is an increasing need to provide ethics education for learners embarking on service learning. The concept of hospitality, as illustrated in Homer’s classic epic the Odyssey, has the potential to underpin such ethics education. This paper describes the implementation and evaluation of an ethics education session for medical students, built on the concept of hospitality, before they embark on a three-year longitudinal service-learning home visit program. In preparation for their household visits, second-year students at a medical (...)No categories
- Guests, hosts, and teaching the ethics of service learning in medicine.Gregory Schneider, Marin Gillis, Kendra Kirchmer, Prasad Bhoite & Natalie Castellanos - 2019 - International Journal of Ethics Education 5 (1):67-82.Within medical education, there is an increasing need to provide ethics education for learners embarking on service learning. The concept of hospitality, as illustrated in Homer’s classic epic the Odyssey, has the potential to underpin such ethics education. This paper describes the implementation and evaluation of an ethics education session for medical students, built on the concept of hospitality, before they embark on a three-year longitudinal service-learning home visit program. In preparation for their household visits, second-year students at a medical (...)No categories
- Guests, hosts, and teaching the ethics of service learning in medicine.Gregory Schneider, Marin Gillis, Kendra Kirchmer, Prasad Bhoite & Natalie Castellanos - 2019 - International Journal of Ethics Education 5 (1):67-82.Within medical education, there is an increasing need to provide ethics education for learners embarking on service learning. The concept of hospitality, as illustrated in Homer’s classic epic the Odyssey, has the potential to underpin such ethics education. This paper describes the implementation and evaluation of an ethics education session for medical students, built on the concept of hospitality, before they embark on a three-year longitudinal service-learning home visit program. In preparation for their household visits, second-year students at a medical (...)No categories
- Untimely Meditations on the Disciplines of Education.Anne Pirrie & Donald Gillies - 2012 - British Journal of Educational Studies 60 (4):387-402.The aim of this article is to explore what the concept of interdisciplinarity can bring to our developing understanding of education as a field of enquiry. We shall draw upon some recent writing on the disciplines of education in order to explore the potentially negative consequences of the way in which the disciplines are institutionalised and territorialised. We also assign some prominence to a personal account of an eminent anthropologist's perambulations through a disciplinary landscape in order to put forward an (...)
- An Objective Theory of Probability (Routledge Revivals).Donald Gillies - 2010 - Routledge.This reissue of D. A. Gillies highly influential work, first published in 1973, is a philosophical theory of probability which seeks to develop von Mises’ views on the subject. In agreement with von Mises, the author regards probability theory as a mathematical science like mechanics or electrodynamics, and probability as an objective, measurable concept like force, mass or charge. On the other hand, Dr Gillies rejects von Mises’ definition of probability in terms of limiting frequency and claims that (...)
- Hempelian and Kuhnian approaches in the philosophy of medicine: The semmelweis case.Donald Gillies - 2005 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 36 (1):159-181.Semmelweis’s investigations of puerperal fever are some of the most interesting in the history of medicine. This paper considers Hempel’s analysis of the Semmelweis case. It argues that this analysis is inadequate and needs to be supplemented by some Kuhnian ideas. Kuhn’s notion of paradigm needs to be modified to apply to medicine in order to take account of the classification schemes involved in medical theorising. However with a suitable modification it provides an explanation of Semmelweis’s failure which is argued (...)
- Hempelian and Kuhnian approaches in the philosophy of medicine: the Semmelweis case.Donald Gillies - 2005 - Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 36 (1):159-181.Semmelweis’s investigations of puerperal fever are some of the most interesting in the history of medicine. This paper considers Hempel’s analysis of the Semmelweis case. It argues that this analysis is inadequate and needs to be supplemented by some Kuhnian ideas. Kuhn’s notion of paradigm needs to be modified to apply to medicine in order to take account of the classification schemes involved in medical theorising. However with a suitable modification it provides an explanation of Semmelweis’s failure which is argued (...)
- Maria Carla Galavotti. Philosophical Introduction to Probability. Stanford: Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications, 2005. Pp. x + 265. ISBN 1-57586-490-8 (pbk), 1-57586-489-4 (hardback). [REVIEW]D. Gillies - 2007 - Philosophia Mathematica 15 (1):129-132.Galavotti begins her book by stressing the centrality of probability to a whole range of philosophical problems. She writes 1: "Probability invests all branches of philosophical investigation, from epistemology to moral and political philosophy, and impinges upon major controversies, like that between determinism and indeterminism, or between free will and moral obligation, and problems such as: ‘What degree of certainty can human knowledge attain?’ ‘What is the relationship between probability and certainty?’" She then explains that her book will focus on (...)
- The Turing—Good Weight of Evidence Function and Popper's Measure of the Severity of a Test.Donald Gillies - 1990 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 41 (1):143-146.
- A Bayesian proof of a Humean principle.Donald Gillies - 1991 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 42 (2):255-256.Hume bases his argument against miracles on an informal principle. This paper gives a formal explication of this principle of Hume’s, and then shows that this explication can be rigorously proved in a Bayesian framework.
- An action-related theory of causality.Donald Gillies - 2005 - British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 56 (4):823-842.The paper begins with a discussion of Russell's view that the notion of cause is unnecessary for science and can therefore be eliminated. It is argued that this is true for theoretical physics but untrue for medicine, where the notion of cause plays a central role. Medical theories are closely connected with practical action (attempts to cure and prevent disease), whereas theoretical physics is more remote from applications. This suggests the view that causal laws are appropriate in a context where (...)
- Informational Realism and World 3.Donald Gillies - 2010 - Knowledge, Technology & Policy 23 (1-2):7-24.This paper takes up a suggestion made by Floridi that the digital revolution is bringing about a profound change in our metaphysics. The paper aims to bring some older views from philosophy of mathematics to bear on this problem. The older views are concerned principally with mathematical realism—that is the claim that mathematical entities such as numbers exist. The new context for the discussion is informational realism, where the problem shifts to the question of the reality of information. Mathematical realism (...)
- Critical Rationalism and the Internet.Donald Gillies - 2023 - Journal of Philosophical Investigations at University of Tabriz 17 (42):80-90.The aim of this paper is to consider whether critical rationalism has any ideas which could usefully be applied to the internet. Today we tend to take the internet for granted and it is easy to forget that it was only about two decades ago that it began to be used to any significant extent. Accordingly in section 1 of the paper, there is a brief consideration of the history of the internet. At first sight this makes it looks implausible (...)
- The effects of two strategic and meta-cognitive questioning approaches on children’s explanatory behaviour, problem-solving, and learning during cooperative, inquiry-based science.Robyn M. Gillies, Kim Nichols, Gilbert Burgh & Michele Haynes - 2012 - International Journal of Educational Research 53:93–106.Teaching students to ask and answer questions is critically important if they are to engage in reasoned argumentation, problem-solving, and learning. This study involved 35 groups of grade 6 children from 18 classrooms in three conditions (cognitive questioning condition, community of inquiry condition, and the comparison condition) who were videotaped as they worked on specific inquiry-based science tasks. The study also involved the teachers in these classrooms who were audio-taped as they interacted with the children during these tasks. The results (...)
- An Aristotelian approach to mathematical ontology.Donald Gillies - 2015 - In E. Davis & P. Davis (eds.), Mathematics, Substance and Surmise. Springer. pp. 147–176.The paper begins with an exposition of Aristotle’s own philosophy of mathematics. It is claimed that this is based on two postulates. The first is the embodiment postulate, which states that mathematical objects exist not in a separate world, but embodied in the material world. The second is that infinity is always potential and never actual. It is argued that Aristotle’s philosophy gave an adequate account of ancient Greek mathematics; but that his second postulate does not apply to modern mathematics, (...)
- Popper's Contribution to the Philosophy of Probability.Donald Gillies - 1995 - Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 39:103-120.Popper's writings cover a remarkably wide range of subjects. The spectrum runs from Plato's theory of politics to the foundations of quantum mechanics. Yet even amidst this variety the philosophy of probability occupies a prominent place. David Miller once pointed out to me that more than half of Popper's The Logic of Scientific Discovery is taken up with discussions of probability. I checked this claim using the 1972 6th revised impression of The Logic of Scientific Discovery , and found that (...)
- Lonergan's Ethics and Feminist Ethics: Exploring the Meaning of Care.Alessandra Gillis - 2012 - Journal of Macrodynamic Analysis 7:27-43.Over the past thirty-odd years, the feminist contribution of the ethic of care has changed the way in which scholars and ‘lay people’ think about and approach ethical practices in our contemporary society. These changes are important in two significant ways. First, the contribution of feminist work to the body of ethics as a whole is a valuable addition. Second, by drawing attention to the concrete context of moral decision-making, particularly the notion of care, feminist scholars have opened the door (...)
- Indeterministic Causality and Simpson's Paradox.Donald Gillies - unknownThis paper argues for a claim made by Maria Carla Galavotti that the use of indeterministic causality involves one in Simpson's paradox. It is shown specifically that a consideration of Hesslow's well-known counter-example leads to Simpson's paradox.No categories
- Should Philosophers of Mathematics Make Use of Sociology?Donald Gillies - 2014 - Philosophia Mathematica 22 (1):12-34.This paper considers whether philosophy of mathematics could benefit by the introduction of some sociology. It begins by considering Lakatos's arguments that philosophy of science should be kept free of any sociology. An attempt is made to criticize these arguments, and then a positive argument is given for introducing a sociological dimension into the philosophy of mathematics. This argument is illustrated by considering Brouwer's account of numbers as mental constructions. The paper concludes with a critical discussion of Azzouni's view that (...)
- Anthropology, Dialectic and Atheism in Kojève’s Thought.Hugh Gillis - 1995 - Graduate Faculty Philosophy Journal 18 (2):85-107.Alexandre Kojève’s interpretation of Hegel has incited debate since his Introduction à la lecture de Hegel first appeared in 1947. Amongst his most controversial assertions is the claim that Hegel’s “philosophy is radically atheistic and non-religious.” Scholars have attempted to refute him by citing the pertinent passages from the Phenomenology, the Science of Logic and the Encyclopedia, not to mention the Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion and the Proofs of the Existence of God. But such refutations are beside the (...)
- Default logic and hafta.Anthony Gillies - manuscriptThis is a note from an AMC session on Jeff Horty's (2012) book *Reasons as Defaults*.
- Should causal models always be Markovian? The case of multi-causal forks in medicine.Donald Gillies & Aidan Sudbury - 2013 - European Journal for Philosophy of Science 3 (3):275-308.The development of causal modelling since the 1950s has been accompanied by a number of controversies, the most striking of which concerns the Markov condition. Reichenbach's conjunctive forks did satisfy the Markov condition, while Salmon's interactive forks did not. Subsequently some experts in the field have argued that adequate causal models should always satisfy the Markov condition, while others have claimed that non-Markovian causal models are needed in some cases. This paper argues for the second position by considering the multi-causal (...)
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